Category Archives: toxicology

Virtual peer review of primate studies in Asia

In a collaboration with EPL, the leading GLP pathology peer review organization, Flagship Biosciences presented continued work at the Society of Toxicology Pathology meeting in Denver, Colorado in June 2011 on virtual peer review. The Virtual Imaging in Peer Review or VIPER was a consortium of multiple pharma companies started in 2010 to evaluate international [...]

White versus red pulp with fluorescence scanning

In this example we use multimodal scanning of a brightfield stained slide in both brightfield and fluorescence to better delineate red from white pulp in spleen. The two images are overlaid with image registration, showing fluorescence scanning is better than brightfield for a more clear differentiation of red/white pulp.  This aids in running more accurate [...]

2E=2L=2S Pathology Adoption

Back in the 90s during graduate school I was excited about an idea in cardiovascular imaging and talked to a stent lab cardiologist who had successfully started a number of companies. I told him my idea, and I will never forget his response. “Steve, Wall Street treats these three mistakes exactly the same. Too early, [...]

Thymus cortex to medulla ratio analysis

Below is an example of how histology pattern recognition can be used  to determine thymic cortex to medulla ratios. The rat thymus was initially stained with classic H&E and then analyzed with image analysis tools. Below is the results with histology pattern recognition. By performing image analysis on a whole image slide of a rat [...]

New vacuole algorithm — webinar

Below is the video from a webinar we gave on a new algorithm for measuring vacuolar spaces. Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Presenters: Frank Voelker Event: Aperio Webinar

Brown fat measurement

We receive frequent requests for measuring brown fat. Below are some examples, with the same Flagship fat algorithm that was used previously for white fat and lung alveoli.

White fat measurement

White fat measurement is shown below with a Flagship algorithm that first segments and then individually identifies each fat vacuole. Statistics of area and perimeter per vacuole are counted, and histograms can be output as required. Some results are shown below. In areas where vacuoles are either not easily seen by eye, or where they [...]

Measuring lung alveoli

The ability to identify each alveoli in a lung section, and then to measure statistics on each one is important in several lung-related therapeutic research area including inhalation toxicology and emphysema research. A custom algorithm has been developed where each alveoli is identified, and then perimeter and area can be calculated and the results graphed [...]

Measuring glycogen in livers

Measurement of hepatocellular glycogen is an appropriate exercise in determining level of gluconeogenesis in rodent efficacy studies for evaluating potential antidiabetic compounds.   However, accuracy in glycogen quantitation requires strict control of the fasting period in all study animals because intracellular levels can vary greatly depending on postprandial time.  Technical challenges in visualizing glycogen also exist because it  is highly soluble, and [...]

Quantitation in toxicologic pathology: liver fibrosis scoring

 Industry has accepted relative scoring of toxicity lesions for many years.  However, the real demand from investigators in the area of discovery toxicology is for quantitative data.  In the scenario below, there are four images of periportal fibrosis in the livers of diabetic rats. The upper left, the control, clearly shows an increase in fibrosis as compared to the other [...]