Category Archives: TECHNIQUES

Fluorescence scanning of tunica intima

Whole slide fluorescence scanning of arteries to quantitate the tunica intima.

FACTS process

1.Consecutive tissue sectioning. 4 µm sections are cut sequentially and stained. A central slide is used as a reference slide, with special stains to assist in automated feature analysis, as necessary. Two to four serial sections above and below the reference slide are stained with the biomarker of interest 2.Automated feature recognition. Image analysis is [...]

A rating system for image analysis problems

You wouldn’t dream of downhill skiing without a rating system. The beginners can stay off the tough slopes and the pros get to debate whether the black run of Colorado’s Arapahoe Basin Pallavicini is tougher than any double diamond at Breckenridge.  We need the same rating system in image analysis. Many of the double-diamond examples [...]

Multiplexing protein expression in tissue

There have been some exciting developments in work to expand the number of markers that can be measured in tissue. The constraints are cost and regulatory acceptance. Multiplexing of proteins in soluble samples (e.g. serum, plasma, urine) have advanced to true high-throughput, with arrays of ELISA-related technologies. However, tissue multiplexing remains difficult. Immunofluorescence can easily [...]

CISH Image Analysis

(CISH (Chromogenic In-Situ Hybridization) is a new technique first published by Tanner and his collegues (Am J Pathol 2000, 157:1467-1472). It will likely prove to be much more economical than FISH (FISH can range up to ten times the cost of IHC), and can be conducted with an ordinary microscope. Because it is chromogenic, the [...]

New vacuole algorithm — webinar

Below is the video from a webinar we gave on a new algorithm for measuring vacuolar spaces. Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Presenters: Frank Voelker Event: Aperio Webinar

Brown fat measurement

We receive frequent requests for measuring brown fat. Below are some examples, with the same Flagship fat algorithm that was used previously for white fat and lung alveoli.

White fat measurement

White fat measurement is shown below with a Flagship algorithm that first segments and then individually identifies each fat vacuole. Statistics of area and perimeter per vacuole are counted, and histograms can be output as required. Some results are shown below. In areas where vacuoles are either not easily seen by eye, or where they [...]

Measuring lung alveoli

The ability to identify each alveoli in a lung section, and then to measure statistics on each one is important in several lung-related therapeutic research area including inhalation toxicology and emphysema research. A custom algorithm has been developed where each alveoli is identified, and then perimeter and area can be calculated and the results graphed [...]

Some ‘expleening’ to do

The more that we use whole slide analysis, the more we are amazed that anyone tolerates the old way of doing things: doing image analysis or manual reads on small “representative” sample areas. Let’s look at a mouse spleen example. Histology pattern recognition was tested on mouse spleen sections in an effort to quantitate normal [...]